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General information about Poland
Poland is a great Central European country with great potential. In the north, Poland is washed by the Baltic Sea, Germany’s neighbor is in the west, the Czech Republic in the southwest, Slovakia in the south, Ukraine in the southeast, Belarus in the east, Lithuania and Russia in the northeast.
Occupying an area of 312,679 square meters. km., Poland is on this indicator in ninth place in Europe and sixty-ninth in the world.
The administrative division in Poland has retained its historical name. So the country is divided into 16 provinces, which, are divided into povets (also known as “counties”), as well as communes (parishes).
The Polish state, it is believed, was created with the adoption of Christianity by Meshok in 966. In 1025, Poland became a state, and in 1569 there was a Polish union with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (Rzeczpospolita I). Poland also had to go through three sections, as a result of the latter (1795), the Polish state ceased to exist. Poland gained its independence only after the First World War (1918) – Rzeczpospolita II. But this period of independence did not last long. 1939 meant for Poland the division of territory between Germany and the Soviet Union.
During the period of its new independence, Poland declared not only its political activity, but also its economic potential.
– since May 12, 1999 – Poland is a member of NATO;
– since May 1, 2004 – Member of the European Union;
– from December 21, 2007 – entered the Schengen zone.
Poland’s economy
Despite the fact that Poland is a post-socialist country, it managed to quickly and effectively rebuild its economy to European standards.
Poland extracts minerals:
– black and brown coal;
– sulfur and nitre;
– cooking, potash and rock salt and asbestos;
– iron ore, silver, nickel, gold, cobalt, copper, zinc;
– shale gas, etc.
Poland is an industrial – agrarian country. Mining is one of the main areas of the country’s economy.
The leading Polish manufacturing industries include:
– mechanical engineering (production of fishing vessels, freight and passenger cars, road and construction machines, machine tools, engines, electronics, industrial equipment, etc.);
– ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy,
– chemical;
– textile;
– porcelain and earthenware;
– production of sporting goods, etc.
Developed in Poland and agriculture. Poland is one of the largest producers of sugar beet and potatoes in Europe.
Education
All the major universities in Poland offer training programs in both English and Polish. Poland has long been actively involved in the Bologna process. With the help of ECTS (European Credit Transfer System), all students have the opportunity to be mobile and continue their education in other EU countries.
Poland’s academic traditions have their history since the fourteenth century; one of the oldest universities in Europe is located – the Jagiellonian University of Cracow. Over the past ten years, the number of universities in Poland has increased 4 times, while the number of students has increased 5 times. Half a million young people annually come to Poland to study at colleges and universities. Today, there are more than 310 private and 138 state universities in Poland.
Studying in Poland is an excellent choice for young people who wish to get higher education in the European Union. You can enter universities in Poland after graduation, unlike other countries in the Eurozone, where, due to differences in the higher education system, you must have completed 1-2 courses of the Ukrainian university. Living in Poland today is much cheaper than in Western Europe, and even in comparison with Kiev, and the proximity of language and culture allows students to easily adapt and communicate fairly freely with their peers.
